The easiest method to learn about bitcoin, is to jump in and get a few in your "pocket" to get a feel for how they work.
Despite the hype about how difficult and harmful it can be, getting bitcoins is a lot easier and safer than you might think. In a wide range of ways, it is probably easier than opening an account at a traditional financial institution. And, given what has been happening in the banking system, it is most likely safer too.
There are a few things to find out : getting and using a software wallet, learning how to send and receive money, learning how to purchase bitcoin (...)